Lung cancer occurs when cells in the lungs grow uncontrollably. Normally, cells divide to replace old or damaged cells, but mutations can cause them to keep dividing even when it isn’t needed, forming tumors and interfering with lung function.
Common symptoms in and around the lungs
A new cough that doesn’t go away. Chestpain, hoarseness, wheezing
Coughing up blood, even a small amount. Shortness of breath
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Anyone can develop lung cancer, but people who smoke have the highest risk.
Risk factors include:
Smoking or exposure to secondhand smoke
Previous radiation therapy
Radon gas exposure
Exposure to cancer-causing substances at work
Family history of lung cancer
While lung cancer can’t be completely prevented, you can reduce risk by:
Not smoking or quitting if you do
Avoiding secondhand smoke
Testing your home for radon
Limiting exposure to workplace carcinogens
Eating a diet rich in fruits and vegetables
Exercising most days of the week
Doctors may use several tests, including:
Imaging scans (X-ray, CT, PET)
Sputum cytology
Biopsy
Treatment depends on the cancer’s size, location, and spread, and may include:
Surgery (if the tumor can be removed safely)
Radiation therapy or stereotactic body radiotherapy
Chemotherapy
Targeted therapy or immunotherapy
Palliative care to manage symptoms
Some people continue working, but this depends on your treatment, side effects, and overall health.
Yes, lung cancer can recur months or years after treatment. Follow-up appointments and healthy lifestyle choices can help lower the risk.
Support is available through:
Local and online support groups
Counseling or therapy
Patient navigators and nonprofit cancer organizations
Friends and family networks
Don’t wait, contact your healthcare provider promptly for evaluation.
*Note: Experiencing these symptoms does not always mean cancer. If you notice any of them, it’s important to speak with a healthcare provider for proper evaluation.
References
Lung cancer https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/lung-cancer/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20374627
Lung Cancer Causes & Risk Factors https://www.lung.org/lung-health-diseases/lung-disease-lookup/lung-cancer/basics/what-causes-lung-cancer
Lung Cancer https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/4375-lung-cancer